中共国务院总理李克强在他的首份政府工作报告中表示，生态文明建设关系人民生活，关乎民族未来 。雾霾天气范围扩大，环境污染矛盾突出，是大自然向粗放发展方式亮起的红灯。不过，李克强却在他的政府工作报告中，希望把GDP增速维持在7.5%。在当今的中国 ，抑制环境污染和GDP发展能共存吗？请看报导。
李克强在3月5号的中共第12届全国人大会议上强调，要像对贫困宣战一样，坚决向污染宣战。
李克强说：〝必须加强生态环境保护，用硬措施完成硬任务。他表示，今年要淘汰燃煤小锅炉5万台，推进燃煤电厂脱硫改造1500万千瓦、脱硝改造1.3亿千瓦、除尘改造1.8亿千瓦，淘汰黄标车和老旧车600万辆等整治污染源措施。〞
李克强的讲话是中共政府有史以来就空气污染发表的最强硬表态，而且使用了〝雾霾〞这个很少被官方提及的措辞。
不过，李克强在他任内首份政府工作报告中也指明，今年的经济增长目标是7.5%左右，与去年持平。
北京〝达尔问环境研究所〞所长赫晓霞认为，中共政府在很长时间内都会实施〝把GDP放在首位〞的政策。
北京达尔问环境研究所所长赫晓霞:〝在很大程度上也的确是，经济发展 的代价，一个是环境的破坏、一个是一些人的身体健康是代价，的确是这样。〞
赫晓霞认为，从长远来看，经济发展和环境保护不会永远呈现矛盾。
不过，大陆 《财经网》也承认，除新疆、西藏 等个别省区外，中国大陆绝大多数省区市的环境污染都已经相当严重。而且，治理环境至少面临两大难题：一个是高污染、高耗能产业难以向外转移，另一个是能源结构难以改变。
中国民间环境保护人士张峻峰表示，目前，在中共上层和学术界对环境保护的理论不清楚，导致了中国处在经济发展与环境污染和生态恶化，这样一个怪圈之中。
中国民间环境保护人士张峻峰：〝他们没有认识到，GDP所追求的数值，和这种环境的恶化，是一种必然的关系。从现实的角度来看，现在的发展模式和追求的这个目标，是有点造成我们现在这样的整体的环境，会造成极大的恶化。〞
最近，中国大陆出现了最严重的雾霾天气，部分地区空气品质为〝极重污染〞或〝危险〞级别。
而中共官方发布的《国际城市蓝皮书：国际城市发展报告（2014）》中也认为，北京污染已接近不适合人类居住的程度。
实际上，在去年，由〝亚洲开发银行〞与北京〝清华大学〞众多专家，完成了《中国环境分析》报告。报告是根据对城市大气中的总悬浮颗粒物、二氧化硫、和二氧化氮这3种完全污染物的浓度来测定。报告指出，在全球〝10大污染城市〞中，中国有7个城市入榜，他们是：太原、北京、乌鲁木齐、兰州、重庆、济南和石家庄。
前中共总书记胡耀邦之子胡德平在去年撰文指出，三十年来中国GDP增长67倍，但人均国民收入只增长12倍。
而国家统计局对十几万户居民家庭的调查也发现，从1978年到2012年，扣除物价上涨因素后，全国城镇居民人均可支配收入实际增长10.5倍；全国农村居民人均纯收入实际增长10.8倍。
新加坡《国立大学东亚研究所》研究员陈刚在〝英国广播公司《BBC》〞撰文，他提出，在中国现有的权力和经济结构中，每年创造出来的新增财富有90%以上归了一小部分人口，那么大多数人对8%还是7%的GDP增速是毫无兴趣的。
陈刚指出，大城市的〝住房梦〞在GDP的呼啸声中离民众越来越远，交通、医疗、子女教育甚至就业，都在经济的快速增长中变得越来越困难；人际关系、亲情、友情也在经济发展中 变得日益冷漠；社会治安、食品 安全、人们的道德水准都呈下滑趋势。
陈刚认为，如果政府陷入追求GDP的疯狂游戏中，只能会令民众的生存〝雪上加霾〞。
采访/张天宇 编辑/宋风 后制/李智远
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The CCP’s dilemma: Haze control or GDP growth?
In the State Council’s annual work report, the
Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) premier Li Keqiang said the
improvement of the ecological condition is critical to
China’s future and its people’s life.
Worsening haze and pollution problem are “nature’s red-light
warning” against the model of inefficient
and blind development.
On the other hand, Li set the GDP growth target to be 7.5%,
unchanged from last year.
In present China, is it possible to control pollution simultaneously
whilst seeking GDP growth?
Let’s look at the following report.
On 5th March, Li Keqiang presented a report at the CCP’s 12th
National People’s Congress.
He claimed that the party will fight pollution in the same
way it fought poverty in previous decades.
Li said it is a must to strengthen environmental protection.
The task has to be accomplished with mandatory measures.
According to Li’s report, the CCP authority plans to shut
down 50,000 small coal-fired furnaces, install
desulphurization facilities in thermal power plants with a
capacity of 15 million kilowatt (kW), install denitrification
facilities in plants with a capacity of 130 million kW,
install dust control device on those with a capacity of
180 million kW, ban 6 million old vehicles from the road and
take other measures of pollution control across China.
Li’s report makes the strongest voice across the party’s
history in fighting air pollution.
He also mentioned the word “haze”, which was rarely
seen in official statements.
On the other hand, in his first government work report as
premier, Li said the target for economic growth in 2014 is
still 7.5%, unchanged from last year.
Hao Xiaoxia, director of Darwin Institute for Environment in
Beijing, said the CCP authority would stick to its
“GDP comes first” policy for a long period of time.
Hao Xiaoxia, Director of Darwin Institute for Environment:
It is largely true that the cost of economic growth causes the
destruction of nature and health problems of many people.
It is indeed like that.
Hao believes that, in the long run, economic development will
not always contradict environmental protection.
Chinese online financial media Caixin.com admitted that except
in a few provinces such as Xinjiang and Tibet, pollution has
become extremely serious in most parts of China.
In addition, there exist at least two difficulties in
pollution control: Firstly, it is hard to move those polluting
industries with high energy costs;
Secondly, it is hard to change China’s
current energy structure.
Chinese environmental activist Zhang Junfeng said, the CCP’s
leadership group and leading scholars still know little about
the theories of environmental protection.
That is why China is trapped in a dilemma between economic
growth and pollution/ecological problems.
Zhang Junfeng, Chinese environmental activist: They have yet
to realize that there is a necessary link between seeking a
nice number for GDP growth and environmental deterioration.
Realistically speaking, the current model of development and
the economic target have resulted in serious problems in the
overall environmental condition in China.
In recent years, mainland China frequently sees extreme levels
of heavy haze.
In some regions, the air quality was identified to be at the
level of “extreme pollution” and “dangerous” to human health.
The CCP has officially released the 2014 annual report
of international municipal development.
The report also said that the pollution in Beijing has been
so serious that the city is no longer suitable for
humans to live in.
Last year, Asian Development Bank and a group of scholars from
Tsinghua University completed a report of
“Analysis of China’s Natural Environment”.
The report evaluated pollution by measuring the air
concentration of three kinds of pollutants: suspended
particles, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.
The report said, there are seven Chinese cities in the list of
top ten polluted cities in the world.
They are Taiyuan, Beijing, Urumqi, Lanzhou,
Chongqing, Jinan and Shijiazhuang.
Hu Deping, the son of former CCP general secretary Hu Yaobang,
wrote in 2013 that China’s income per capita only increased
by a factor of 12 in the past three decades, compared to
GDP growth factor of 67.
The CCP’s State Statistics Bureau made a survey among
over 100,000 families.
It found that, after adjustment by inflation factors, China’s
disposable income per capita has increased by 10.5 times
from 1978 to 2012;
the income per capita in rural areas has increased
by 10.8 times.
Chen Gang, a researcher at the East Asian Institute at the
National University of Singapore, wrote an article
for the BBC.
Chen said, under China’s current political and economic
structure, over 90% of new wealth created every year would
flow into the pockets of a very small group of families.
Therefore, most Chinese have no interest in China’s GDP
growth ratio, being like 7% or 8%.
Chen said, “GDP comes first” has made “buying a house” in big
cities a dream too far away for most Chinese people.
Transportation, medical care, education and job hunting, every
aspect of life has become more difficult in the
so-called “economic development”.
Furthermore, seeking money makes people more indifferent to
others, even their family members and friends.
The public security, food safety and social morals continue
to become worse.
Chen believes that, if the CCP continues its crazy game of
seeking GDP growth, the Chinese people’s living conditions
will become even worse.
本文标签：BBC, 中共, 中共政府, 亚洲, 人大会议, 国务院, 总理, 政府, 新加坡, 新唐人, 李克强, 胡德平, 胡耀邦, 英国, 英国广播, 英国广播公司, 西藏, 陈刚
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