近来，大陆先后发布两份2013年度中国 企业家犯罪报告，报告显示，中国企业家犯罪现象明显增加，而私营企业家犯罪案例超过了国营企业家。但专家指出，报告背后隐藏着更深的用意。
由〝北京师范大学中国企业家犯罪及防控研究中心〞编写的《2013中国企业家犯罪报告》，1月5号由大陆 《正义 网》正式授权对外发布。报告统计了2013年大陆企业家共436起犯罪案例，涉案的企业家达到599人，其中，民营企业家469人，国营企业领导128人。
另据《法制日报社》的《法人》杂志，与〝中国青年报舆情监测室〞联合推出的——《2013中国企业家犯罪研究报告》显示，在收集的357例案件中，民营企业家涉嫌犯罪的案件为270件，占案件总数的75%。
两大机构的研究报告中可以看出，大陆民营企业的犯罪案例和犯罪人数，都超过了国营企业，这是否表示民营企业家的犯罪率比国营企业家要高呢？
专家指出，报告的数据容易将人引入误区。
一方面是民营企业生存环境险恶，朝不保夕；一方面公权力可以肆意给民营企业家定罪，侵吞民企资产。
大陆金融分析师任中道：〝在重庆的时候，薄熙来那会儿唱红打黑，打掉的都是民营企业家，那如果这样来算，是不是当时民营企业家的犯罪率是百分之百呢？把企业家冠上黑社会的帽子，把他们的资产全部没收，甚至要把企业家给枪毙，让这些企业家家破人亡。这种数据没有意义。〞
与民企相反的是，在当前大陆体制下，国营企业家一般具有政商双重身份，既是中共高官又是企业高管，有的还有人大代表、政协委员的头衔。这就造成了，除非中共内部出现斗争，否则即使国企遍地贪腐，也很难有高管被绳之以法。
任中道：〝还有一种层面来说，大家都知道央企和国企的领导，不单是一个企业家，它还是有一定的行政的级别，一旦国企的领导落马，不是一个经济问题 ，是一个政治问题，是因为它们的派系斗争导致的。去年国资委主任，还有原中石油董事长蒋洁敏落马，它就是最大的石油帮嘛，涉及到最近比较热议的周永康那个事情，都是有关联的。〞
此外，金融分析师任中道还指出，大陆民营企业远远多于国企，民企企业家犯罪率高于国企企业家也很正常。
那么，什么原因令当局在这个时候将民众的视线，引向民营企业家犯罪呢？
评论认为，第一，中共当局为了转移当前民众对国企的不满，第二，这是当局作出的反腐姿态。
任中道：〝它现在把民企抛出来，也是去年最大的一个争论就是国企改革。都说要国企改革，因为国企的垄断也好，浪费国家资源也好，还有需要政府财政补贴等等弊端，让各界对它非常诟病。其实要改革呢，也动了它们的根本利益。因此它的改革比较难，它需要放出烟雾弹来，转移民众的视线，让人以为民企这边更乱一些，国企还好。〞
中国企业家犯罪报告还显示，国企企业家犯罪排名前三的罪名与往年一致，仍然是受贿罪、贪污罪、挪用公款罪。而私企企业家犯罪主要集中在融资、财务管理和合同纠纷等领域，罪名多为非法吸收公众存款、集资诈骗、涉税犯罪。
任中道指出，中共统治下扭曲的经济，使得实体经济萎缩，虚拟经济繁荣，民营企业步履维艰，才会挖空心思为了企业生存铤而走险，走上犯罪道路。
任中道：〝中国金融体系不支持实体经济，都把钱弄资产炒作，比如炒楼、炒股、房地产，它宁愿投入这方面也不愿意给实体经济去贷款，现在民企融资比较难，不排除它为了融资采取多种办法，也是被逼无奈吧！〞
任中道认为，如果私营企业有一个良好外部体制环境，相信每个私营企业家都会认真经营企业、回报社会，因为这才是正常社会下的企业发展之路。
采访编辑/张天宇 后制/陈建铭
Ominous – CCP Ready To Kill Off Private Enterprise?
Two implausable reports have been released for 2013
on China’s so called private enterprise crimes.
The recent reports allege that Chinese entrepreneur’s crimes
increased significantly, with crimes by private entrepreneurs
surpassing those of state run business executives.
Experts point out that the Reports have ulterior motives.
On January 5, one of China’s largest websites on legal matters
www.jcrb.com officially released the,
2013 China’s Entrepreneur Crime Report prepared by
Beijing Normal University’s Chinese Entrepreneurs
Crime Prevention and Control Research Center.
The Report published statistics on China’s 436
entrepreneur crime cases in 2013 that involve 599 entrepreneurs,
with 469 private entrepreneurs and 128 state business leaders.
In addition, Legal Daily, Legal magazine and
China Youth Daily Opinion Monitoring Room jointly released
the 2013 Chinese Entrepreneur Crime Research Report.
Out of the 357 cases collected, the number of crimes
allegedly committed by private entrepreneurs was 270,
75% of the total cases.
The Reports indicate that China’s private enterprises have more
crimes and criminals than state-owned enterprises.
Does this actually mean that crime rate of private entrepreneurs
is higher than state-owned businessmen?
Experts point out that the reports are misleading.
While private businesses are struggling to survive,
facing a very difficult environment, Government corruption
can conjure up fake crimes against private entrepreneurs at will.
Chinese financial analyst Ren Zhongdao:
“When Bo Xilai carried out the so-called movement
to suppress the underground in Chongqing,
his targets were all those private entrepreneurs.
The crime rate of private entrepreneurs then was 100 percent?
Private entrepreneurs were labeled as underground.
Their assets were stolen and there were even executions.
Such data makes no sense.”
Contrary to private businesses, businessmen of State-Owned
Enterprises are often Government Officials,
with some of them even NPC deputies and CPPCC members.
As a result, even if State-Owned business is rife with corruption,
executives will not be brought to justice unless due to some
internal struggle within the Chinese Marxist Party.
Ren Zhongdao: “We know leaders of central enterprises
and State-Owned Enterprises have certain administrative status.
Crackdown of State-Owned Enterprise leaders is not
a business problem, but a political issue resulting from
factional infighting.
Last year’s crackdown of SASAC director and
PetroChina Chairman Jiang Jiemin was related to Zhou Yongkang.”
In addition, Ren Zhongdao pointed out that China has
far more private enterprise than state-owned business.
The alleged higher crime rate of private enterprise appears
relatively normal.
So, what is the reason the authorities want to divert people’s attention
to private entrepreneurs’crimes at this time?
Firstly, the CCP authorities want to distract
people’s dissatisfaction from state-owned enterprises.
Secondly, it is an empty anti-corruption gesture made by the CCP.
Ren Zhongdao: “It is throwing private businesses under the bus.
The biggest controversy last year was around the reform of
State-Owned Enterprises, which are heavily criticized for
monopoly, waste of national resources, government subsidies, etc.
Reform would undermine their fundamental interests.
The CCP needs to emit smoke bombs to distract people’s attention
and let people think that private business is more chaotic than
state-owned businesses.”
China’s Entrepreneur Crime Report also indicates that:
the top three crimes committed by state-owned business leaders
were the same as previous years: taking bribes, corruption,
embezzlement of public funds, etc.
Crimes of private entrepreneurs were mainly
financing, financial management, contract disputes, etc.
They were mostly charged with illegaly raising money from
the public, fraud and tax-related crimes.
Ren Zhongdao noted that under the CCP’s distorted economy,
the real economy is shrinking and the virtual economic is prospering.
Private enterprises are struggling and are forced to
seek alternatives.
Ren Zhongdao: “China’s financial system does not support
the real economy.
Money is poured into speculative pursuits such as stocks and
real estate,rather than lend to real businesses.
It is very difficult for private business to raise money.
It is possible they use alternative ways to source the finance,
since they have no other choice.”
Ren Zhongdao believes that if the private sector
has a good external institutional environment,
private entrepreneurs will be serious in conducting business
and make returns to society,
because that is the right development under a normal society.
NTD Reporter Zhang Tianyu
本文标签：中共, 中共高官, 中国青年报, 人大代表, 周永康, 唱红打黑, 改革, 政府, 政治, 新唐人, 法制, 法制日报, 蒋洁敏, 薄熙来
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